ATTRIBUTION OF INFORMATION INFLUENCE OPERATIONS

Abstract

On November 19, 2025, Björn Palmertz presented Attribution of Information Influence Operations at the 2025 West Coast Security Conference. The presentation was followed by a question-and-answer period with audience members and CASIS Vancouver executives. The presentation examined the strategic importance of attributing Information Influence Operations (IIO) and Foreign Information Manipulation and Interference (FIMI), the operational and analytical challenges facing attribution efforts, and a structured attribution framework and assessment model. The session concluded with a discussion of how attribution can be operationalized to support effective countermeasures.