Music and Identity: A Correlational Investigation between Music Reward and Ego Identity Statuses Among Emerging Adults

Abstract

Music is more accessible than ever and accompanies a myriad of our daily activities. It interacts with our emotions, behaviours, attitudes, and influences social interactions, each of which is foundational to identity development, or, more plainly, who we are. Emerging adulthood (ages 18-29) is a critical period for identity exploration and commitment, yet little research has examined how identity and music relate to this population. The present study investigated the relationship between music and identity in emerging adults. Specifically, it examined the correlations between music reward experiences and identity statuses. Participants (N = 33) completed an online survey including demographic questions, the Barcelona Music Reward Questionnaire (BMRQ), and the Extended Objective Measure of Ego Identity Status II (EOMEIS-II). Multivariate regression analyses were used to assess associations between overall music reward and the identity statuses (Achievement, Moratorium, Diffusion, and Foreclosure). Further correlational analyses examined associations between the identity statuses and the BMRQ’s subscales. The findings within our sample did not overtly associate music with identity status. However, subscale analyses revealed meaningful patterns with emotional evocation, social reward, and the identity statuses related to a lack of identity commitment (foreclosure and diffusion). Group differences were also assessed, although none were found. These findings suggest that music may not be central to identity formation itself, but serves to reinforce established identities in those who have adequately explored their identity options. Whilst limited to a small sample and a correlational design, this study outlines a need for further data on music and identity.